Holly Snape is a British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Glasgow, where she works on Chinese politics. Before moving to Scotland, she was a research fellow at Peking University’s School of Government. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Bristol, spending the majority of her time as a doctoral researcher based at Tsinghua University’s NGO Research Center studying grassroots NGOs and the state-society relationship. She is currently interested in questioning the “Party-state” construct and examining the Party-state relationship.